Разница между have to и must
I have to do something = я должен сделать это, необходимо сделать это, я вынужден это сделать, внешние обстоятельства заставляют меня это сделать:
В вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях мы используем do/does/did (в present и past simple)
Вы можете использовать have to с will и might/may:
Модальный глагол must схож с have to:
Вы можете использовать must, когда высказываете своё мнение (например, говорите кому-то, что это необходимо сделать или рекомендуете это сделать). Have to также возможно:
Мы используем have to (не must), когда говорим об обязанностях. Мнение говорящего по этому поводу не учитывается. We use have to (not must) to say what someone is obliged to do. The speaker is not giving his/her own opinion:
Must чаще используется в инструкциях и написанных правилах.
В прошедшем времени must не используется:
Mustn’t и don’t have to имеют совершенно разное значение:
You mustn’t do something = необходимо, чтобы ты не делал этого (поэтому, не делай это):
You don’t have to do something = тебе не нужно этого делать (но если хочешь, ты можешь):
Вы можете использовать have got to вместо have to. Поэтому, можно сказать:
Упражнения
1. Закончите предложения с have to / has to / had to.
ask do drive get up go make make pay show
3. В некоторых из этих предложений использование must ошибочно или неествественно. Исправьте такие предложения.
Помощь с английским, вставить слова (несколько слов)
12. Not many people came to the wedding.
NUMBER
Only ____ ____ ____ ____ people came to the wedding. (4 words)
Ответ
13. I do not have any money left.
RUN
I ____ ____ ____ ____ money. (4 words)
Ответ
14. The play was shorter than we had expected.
LAST
The play did not ____ ____ ____ ____ we had expected. (4 words)
Ответ
15. I could not concentrate fully because of the noise coming from the next room.
HARD
The noise coming from the next room ____ ____ ____ to concentrate fully. (3 words)
Ответ
16. The twins described their experience to me in detail.
DESCRIPTION
The twins gave ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ their experience. (5 words)
Ответ
17. You can go to the cinema but you must get a taxi home afterwards.
LONG
You can go to the cinema ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ a taxi home afterwards. (5 words)
Ответ
18. The flooding led to the road being closed.
RESULT
The road had to ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ of the flooding. (5 words)
Ответ
19. That contestant did not succeed in getting to the final round of the quiz show.
TO
That contestant did not ____ ____ ____ to the final round of the quiz show. (3 words)
Ответ
20. Carol would rather not come to the beach with us today.
FEEL
Carol ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ to the beach with us today. (5 words)
12. Not many people came to the wedding.
NUMBER
Only __a__ _small___ _number___ _of___ people came to the wedding. (4 words)
13. I do not have any money left.
RUN
I _have___ _run___ _out___ __of__ money. (4 words)
14. The play was shorter than we had expected.
LAST
The play did not _last___ _so___ _long___ __as__ we had expected. (4 words)
15. I could not concentrate fully because of the noise coming from the next room.
HARD
The noise coming from the next room _was___ _too___ hard____ to concentrate fully. (3 words)
16. The twins described their experience to me in detail.
DESCRIPTION
The twins gave __me__ _a___ _detailed___ description____ __of__ their experience. (5 words)
17. You can go to the cinema but you must get a taxi home afterwards.
LONG
You can go to the cinema _as___ _long___ _as___ _you___ _get___ a taxi home afterwards. (5 words)
18. The flooding led to the road being closed.
RESULT
The road had to _be___ _closed___ _as___ _a___ result____ of the flooding. (5 words)
19. That contestant did not succeed in getting to the final round of the quiz show.
TO
That contestant did not _manage___ __to__ _get___ to the final round of the quiz show. (3 words)
20. Carol would rather not come to the beach with us today.
FEEL
Carol _does___ _not___ _feel___ _like___ going____ to the beach with us today. (5 words)
1. Воткните неопределенный артикль, где необходимо.1) There is no ___ electricity
1. Воткните неопределенный артикль, где нужно.
1) There is no ___ electricity in this house.
2) I cant work here. Theres too much ___ noise!
3) Im looking for ___ job.
4) I love ___ bananas.
5) Would you like ___ apple?
6) We had ___ lunch in a very good restaurant.
7) Thats ___ nice pair of jeans.
8) Subway is ___ means of transport.
9) Ann didnt go to ___ work yesterday.
10) Id like to have ___ piano.
2. Воткните определенный артикль, где необходимо.
1) Im going away at ___ end of this month.
2) ___ rich should pay more taxes.
3) Do you like ___ music?
4) I dont drink ___ tea very often.
5) I often listen to ___ radio.
6) Many people are afraid of ___ dogs.
7) I like ___ people I work with.
8) My favorite спорт is ___ basketball.
9) ___ information we were given wasnt correct.
10) ___ water in the pool didnt look very clean, so we didnt go for a swim.
1. Воткните определенный либо неопределенный артикль.
1) We enjoyed our holiday. ___ hotel was very nice.
2) You look very tired. You need ___ holiday.
3) Where is Tom? Hes in ___ bathroom.
4) Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to ___ city centre?
5) Jane is ___ interesting person. You must meet her.
6) Lets go for ___ walk.
7) What do you usually do in ___ evening?
8) This doesnt seem to work properly. Show me ___ better one.
9) ___ young are always more active than old people.
Учебник Rainbow English 5. Unit 3. Step 1
DO IT TOGETHER — ВЫПОЛНЯЕМ ЗАДАНИЯ ВМЕСТЕ
1A. Listen, (56), and complete the rhyme. Read it in pairs. — Послушайте и закончите стихотворение. Прочитайте его в парах.
When I Was One (By Carolyn Graham.)
1B. Say what the girl could do when she was 2, 3 and 7. When could you do these things? When did you learn to do them? — Скажите, что девочка могла делать, когда ей было 2, 3 и 7 лет? А когда вы научились делать это?
2A. Read the text and complete the sentences after it. — Прочитайте текст и дополните предложения после него.
Sandra, the Pop Star
Look, this is Sandra Connor’s picture when she was twenty-three. She was a pop singer then and she was a star. All music lovers listened to her songs. She flew to many countries and gave concerts there.
In those years Sandra lived in Europe, in the capital of Italy. She usually sang in the evenings and her days began very late, sometimes at one or two o’clock in the afternoon. She always had breakfast in bed and watched television. Then she drove her Ford to town. There she met her boyfriend and often went to the shops. She had a lot of time before the concert, so she could swim in the swimming pool, listen to music or go to her fitness club. She spoke on the telephone a lot, often with her family.
At eight she was ready for the concert. She knew and sang a lot of beautiful songs. Her concert usually finished at about eleven. After it she had dinner with her friends and then drove home. At home she went to bed at two or three a.m. At that time she was young and happy and never tired.
Now she is living in the USA in a very big house. Sandra often thinks about the young years of her life.
Смотри, это фотография Сандры Коннор, когда ей было 23 года. Она тогда была поп-певицей и звездой. Все любители музыки слушали ее песни. Она летала во многие страны и давала там концерты.
В те годы Сандра жила в Европе, в столице Италии. Она обычно пела по вечерам, и её дни начинались очень поздно, иногда в час или в два часа дня. Она всегда завтракала в постели и смотрела телевизор. Затем она ехала на своем «Форде» в город. Там она встречалась со своим парнем и часто ходила по магазинам. У нее было много времени до концерта, так что она могла поплавать в бассейне, послушать музыку или сходить в фитнес-клуб. Она много разговаривала по телефону, зачастую со своей семьей.
В восемь часов она была готова к концерту. Она знала и пела много красивых песен. Её концерт обычно заканчивался примерно в одиннадцать часов. После этого она ужинала со своими друзьями, а потом ехала домой. Дома она ложилась спать в два или в три часа утра. В то время она была молода, счастлива и никогда не уставала.
Сейчас она живет в США в очень большом доме. Сандра часто думает о молодых годах своей жизни.
2B. Read out the verbs in the past forms from the text. — Прочитайте глаголы в прошедшем времени в тексте.
Глаголы, которые нужно прочитать в тексте 2А, мы подчеркнули.
3. Jake had a very bad day yesterday. All things went wrong. Describe his day. — У Джейка вчера был плохой день. Все шло не так. Опишите его день.
Возможный ответ: Некоторые фразы, которые мы использовали, могут показаться вам сложными, поскольку вы еще не изучали такие слова, но, полагаем, это упражнение как раз и рассчитано на то, что вы найдете нужные слова в словаре. Вы можете составить собственные варианты ответов.
Запомни формы прошедшего времени следующих глаголов, (57):
4. Listen and read, (58). — Послушайте и прочитайте.
5. Choose the right forms to complete the sentences. — Выберите правильные формы и закончите предложения.
Это же относится к глаголам, обозначающим начало и конец действия: begin, finish, stop.
6. Read the text and say what John likes/loves doing and what he hates doing. — Прочитайте текст и скажите, что Джону нравится делать, а что он ненавидит делать.
Our Likes and Dislikes
Hello! I’m John Barker from London. I love going to school. I have a lot of friends. We like playing football and volleyball, ping-pong and tennis. We like reading hooks, listening to pop music and playing computer games. We often go to the park together. We love running and riding bikes there. We like feeding birds too. We hate coming back home early. It’s fun to be with your friends in the park.
Что мы любим и не любим
Привет! Я Джон Баркер из Лондона. Я люблю ходить в школу. У меня много друзей. Мы любим играть в футбол и волейбол, пинг-понг и большой теннис. Мы любим читать книги, слушать поп-музыку и играть в компьютерные игры. Мы часто ходим в парк вместе. Мы любим там бегать и кататься на велосипедах. Мы также любим кормить птиц. Мы ненавидим возвращаться домой рано. Весело быть с друзьями в парке.
7. Listen to the dialogues, (59). Read them and make your own dialogues. Use the words on the right. — Послушайте диалоги. Прочитайте их и сделайте свои собственные диалоги. Используйте слова из правой колонки.
DO IT ON YOUR OWN — ВЫПОЛНЯЕМ ЗАДАНИЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНО
8. Complete the sentences. Use the words from the box. — Закончите предложения. Используйте слова из рамки.
singing, washing, driving, going, feeding, playing
9. Write 4-6 sentences about what you like/love and hate doing. — Напишите 4-6 предложений о том, что вам нравится и что вы ненавидите делать.
Возможный ответ: Вы можете составить собственные варианты предложений.
10. Write the verbs in the past forms. — Напишите глаголы в форме прошедшего времени.
As you go home after a hard day’s work, and you get off the metro train, you sometimes have to walk a long way to the exit or to change trains. Suddenly in the noise, some music is heard. Those are street musicians. You take out a coin from your pocket and throw it into their hat or instrument case. These musicians bring color and life to the city streets. Street musicians are aged between 17 and 30 years. Some of them are men, some women. They play classical music, pop or folk music, old and new songs. Many musicians are former university students or professional musicians.
Andrew Hain, for example, was once a music student, but he gave up music and became a painter. Now he plays in the underground because he doesn’t want to forget how to play. His girlfriend is a painter, too. She helps him to collect the money. Another street musician, David MacNell, tells new players:
“Learn new songs all the time, or else you’ll have fewer and fewer listeners. Wear bright clothes to attract attention. Make sure that the places where you choose to play are warm. The best places are bridges and certainly the underground.”
On Sundays, Hyde Park is the best place, as the speakers here address the people. The street musicians are doing their business with the many tourists who visit the park. The weather is one of the worst problems. It is not so easy to play the violin or the guitar on a rainy November day in London and try to smile.
A much worse problem is the police. From time to time, they come, and the musicians are moved to a different place. True, they are not often fined. One musician told me:
“The policeman asked me what I was doing. I said I was just practising. Some money just fell out of my pocket into the guitar case, and I was told to leave my place. I think it’s not fair. People love street music. It makes the city more attractive.”
Exercise 1. Read the text «Music in the Streets» again and complete the sentences according to the text.
Street musicians are
a) men b) women c) men and women
2. According to the text, street musicians
a) bring color and life to city streets.
b) make more noise in the streets.
c) make traffic more difficult
3. Street musicians play
a) old songs b) new songs. c) old and new songs.
4. Andrew Hain plays in the streets because he
b) does not want to forget how to play.
c) wants to become famous.
5. The worst problem for the musicians is
a) weather b) the police c)
Exercise 2. Say true or false.
Street musicians are aged between 17 and 30 years.
Andrew Hain, for example, was once a music professor.
On Mondays, Hyde Park is the best place for street musicians.
The weather is one of the worst problems for street musicians.
Street musicians are very often fined.
Exercise 3. Вставьте слова по смыслу.
Andrew Hain gave up music and became a ____________.
The street musicians are doing their business with the many __________ who visit the Hyde Park.
It is not so easy to play the violin or the _________ on a rainy November day in London
Make sure that the places where you choose to play are _________.
Exercise 4. Ответьте на вопросы.
Why should street musicians wear bright clothes?
What are the best places for street musicians?
Which is worse for street musicians – the weather or the police?
Why do street musicians need to learn new songs all the time?